As of October 1, 2023, Canada’s population reached an estimated 40.5 million, marking a 1.1% increase since July 1, 2023 – the highest quarterly population growth since 1957. Canada added over a million people for the first nine months of 2023, breaking 2022’s record.
96% of the growth in the third quarter of 2023 was due to international migration, and the rest was from natural increase. Canada welcomed nearly 108,000 immigrants in the third quarter of 2023 and reached 80% of its annual immigration target by September. All provinces and territories except the Northwest Territories saw population growth, with Alberta, Prince Edward Island, and Ontario surpassing the national average.
Except for Alberta, which continued to have the highest net gains (+17,094), and New Brunswick (+21), all provinces and territories recorded losses in interprovincial migration exchanges in the third quarter of 2023.
For the first time since comparable data were made available (1971), Alberta has recorded interprovincial migration gains of 10,000 or more for five consecutive quarters. Alberta gained the majority of its population through interprovincial migration as a result of exchanges with Ontario and British Columbia. In contrast, for the first time since the first quarter of 2013, British Columbia experienced five consecutive quarters of interprovincial migration losses.
In the third quarter, Canada welcomed 107,972 immigrants. From January to September 2023, immigration reached 79.8% (371,299) of the year’s target of 465,000 immigrants set by Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada. From July 1 to October 1, the country saw an increase in the number of non-permanent residents, with the total non-permanent resident population rising from 2,198,679 to 2,511,437. This represents a net increase of 312,758 non-permanent residents in the third quarter, the largest quarterly increase since 1971. The increase in non-permanent residents was primarily due to an increase in the number of work and study permit holders, and to a lesser extent, an increase in refugee claimants.
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